Empowering and Promoting Environmental Education in Schools.
Contact Persons: Samuel Wakang’u Kiarie, Stephen Kamau
P.O Box 49, 00221.Matathia.
Kenya.Tel: +254723519144.
E- Mail: wakangukenvo@yahoo.com kamaukenvo@yahoo.com
Dave Cuddy davecuddy@gmail.com
Canada tel: (001) 613 267 5676
Amount of Funds Requested: Kshs. 1,410,532 (Ca$ 25,646)
Executive summary.
The goal of the project is to ensure in perpetuity the conservation of the Kikuyu Escarpment forest rich biological resources through strengthening of environmental outreach education programs in schools. The project will be implemented in Lari Division, Kiambu District in Central Kenya. The site is 50km from Nairobi the capital city of Kenya. The project will assist in creation of environmental awareness through school outreach programs. It will involve both local and international primary and secondary schools.
The Kikuyu escarpment forests is listed as an important biodiversity area (IBA) because of its rich biodiversity. The biodiversity includes birds that are threatened species and an especially high population of the globally threatened Abbotts Starling. Among the Kenyans 60 IBAs, the Kikuyu Escarpment forest is listed in the highest priority category that is critical for conservation action (Bennun and Njoroge, 1990)
The exploitive behavior of the biodiversity and unsustainable practices pose a threat to the continued existence of the forest. Past environmental conservation measures have failed to prioritize sensitization and education of the school children of the consequences of environmental degradation. Environmental and biodiversity awareness in schools should be raised if sustainable development is to be attained. Many of the threats that are facing the forest reserve are due to inadequate or lack of knowledge and understanding among the populace about the important of the forest and the need to conserve them.
By reaching out to the school children, the project will supplement KENVO’s efforts geared towards environmental education, campaigns and awareness activities about the forest. There is a recognized need to develop an education school outreach program in the area.
The project will be implemented by a team drawn from KENVO members. The project activities will involve organizing trainings on how to establish and manage tree nurseries, waste management and recycling, energy conservation, pollution control, leadership and team building trainings, initiating bird watching activities by putting up bird feeding tables and birdfeeders in schools, organizing field studies that correspond with school syllabus, forest walks and hikes for the students, Organizing nature fair that will involve exhibition, dramas, artwork, dances among others with environmental theme, Organizing educative exchange visits among the schools and introducing the student into new technology.
The project is expected to foster among the students a better understanding of environment and all what it entails. It will also instil them with a sense of mutual responsibility and commitment to the resolution of the environmental problems. It will also help in promoting among students the acquisition of skills necessary for effective involvement in environmental conservation and management.
This project is designed to take a period of one year and is estimated to cost Kshs. 1,410,532 (Ca$ 25,646).
Background Information
Project Area
The Kikuyu Escarpment forests are located in central Kenya and mainly in the Kiambu district. The forests lie 00 56 ‘ S and 036 40 ‘ E, 50 km north west of Nairobi. The forests cover an area of 37,000 ha comprised of distinct forest blocks, namely: Uplands (3499.8 ha), Kinale (10504.87 ha), Kereita (4722.15 ha), Kamae (3024.49 ha), Raggia (3591.1 ha) and Kieni (13,000 ha). The altitude range is between 1800-2700 feet above sea level.
Climatically, the area is wet (estimated annual mean temperature of 15°C), with rainfall reaching a maximum of 2400 mm annually. The climate is generally characterized by two rainy seasons from April to May and from November to December.
The forest area presents a deeply dissected topography that drops along impressive fault escarpments towards the Rift Valley. The steep sided valleys contain fast flowing permanent rivers.
Kikuyu Escarpment forests are high altitude forests (montane) and appear to have recovered from massive logging in the middle of the last century. Closed canopy forests currently covers approximately half of the gazetted reserves, most of which is a simple block in the east central part of the reserve. There are extensive areas of plantation and cleared land on the western perimeter of the main block, and the western strip and southern sections are a patchy mosaic of degraded forest remnants, scrub, cultivation and plantation. Various vegetation zones can be distinguished, including the closed canopy, bamboo zone and sub alpine vegetation.
Importance
Fauna
Kikuyu Escarpment forest is internationally recognized as an Important Bird Area (IBA) in Kenya (Birdlife International, 2000; Bennun and Njoroge, 1999). The area is ranked critical for the conservation of birds now forming an important biodiversity area (IBA). Over 200 species of birds have been recorded.
The forest holds globally threatened birds, such as the Abbott’s Starling (Cinnyrincinclus femoralis). The forest also holds 40 out of 70 species of the Afro- tropical highland biome species, and three of eight species of the Kenyan mountain endemic bird area. Regionally threatened species found in the forest include the African Crowned Eagle, African Green Ibis, Jackson’s Francolin, Red Chested Owlet and the Ayres Hawk Eagle, among others. Hartlaub Turaco and Bar Tailed Trogon are other characteristic and spectacular birds of the Kikuyu Escarpment forest.
The forest hosts large mammals of international conservation concern, among them the elephant (Loxodonta africana). Some predators include the leopard (Panther pardus) serval cat (Felis serval) and civet Cat (KIFCON, 1994). The forests are rich in primates; the most common ones being the black and white Columbus monkey (Cercopithecus mitis) and baboons (Papio anubis neumanni) and the Sykes monkey.
Three near-endemic butterfly species occur, namely Charaxes nandina, Neptis kikuyuensis and Neptis katana (Larson, 1994).
Several amphibians endemic to central Kenyan highlands are thought to occur in the forest as well. The other biodiversity values of the site are little known.
Flora
The forests host a wide variety of plant species. Species of economic importance include hardwood species such as camphor (Ocotea usambarensis), cedar (Juniperous procera), podo (Podocarpus latifolius). Other notable plants include magnificent giant tree ferns (Cyathea manniana) along the river line.
Water Catchments
Kikuyu Escarpment forest, together with the Aberdares, play a critical role in water catchments for the country and form one of the five “water towers” of Kenya. The large Escarpment water catchments reservoir combined with that of the Aberdares is probably seconds only the Mt. Kenya in terms of importance (PPCSA, 1999). The densely populated area adjacent to the forest relies primarily on the water flowing from the forests. A survey carried out by the forest department puts the value of forests as water catchments to the tune of Kshs. 2,050($32.00CAD) per ha per year in 1994 (MENR, 1994).
The forest provides other services to adjacent communities. These services include: trapping and storing rainwater, regulating river flow and prevention of flooding, helping recharge ground water tables, improving soil fertility, reducing soil erosion and sediment load in river water, helping regulate local climate conditions, and acting as carbon reservoirs and sinks. The forests have important cultural, ceremonial and recreational sites, as well as providing a variety of wood and wood products.
Project Statement
The Kikuyu Escarpment forests are arguably one of the richest areas for plant species in Kenya. Nature Kenya ranks the area in the highest priority category for conservation actions because of its unique fauna and flora and in critical need for conservation actions.
This project has resulted from the work we have done with KENVO in and around Kikuyu Escarpment forest through involvement of Schools and community in forest conservation. In one of the baseline surveys on the forest and environment related activities, it was revealed that though the pupils and students in schools and the youths form the majority of the population, they are poorly involved in environmental activities. As the youths and school kids struggles to escape from threatening poverty and due to demands for certain forest products, they engage in a number of unsustainable forest activities including illegal logging and charcoal burning.
The research findings were confirmed by deliberations at various meeting and concluded that the school community needs to be enlightened on the importance of forest conservation and related benefits.
Objectives.
The project has a broad, long-term objective of facilitating sound conservation and management of the Kikuyu Escarpment forests. It has the following specific objectives:
Ø To create awareness on biodiversity conservation and management within the entire community, this will involve training on birds’ study as tool of conservation among others.
Ø To foster among the students the better understanding of environment and all what it entails.
Ø To instil in student a sense of mutual responsibility and commitment to the resolution of the environmental problems.
Activities
To achieve the above objectives the following activities will be undertaken and will include Organizing training on;
- Tree nursery establishment and management.
- Garbage management and recycling.
- Energy conservation.
- Pollution control.
- Leadership and team building.
- Initiating bird watching activities by putting up bird feeding tables and birdfeeders.
- Organizing field studies that correspond with school syllabus, forest walks and hikes for the students.
- Organizing nature fair for school that will involve exhibition, dramas, artwork, and dances among others with environmental theme.
- Organizing educative exchange visits and field studies.
- Networking between local and international school. This will involve linking local and international schools through Internet where they will be expected to share ideas and experience in environmental issues.
All the above named activities will be carried out in various areas depending with the topic and the schools’ interest e.g. KENVO resource centre which has an auditorium where we will be offering training and then take them to the local forests for field study, which is very rich with different species of plants, animals, birds, rivers, water falls, caves among other beautiful and great features. We will also be visiting schools to train and assist them on how to start these activities on the ground.
Project Implementation
This project will be implemented by a team of KENVO members:
Project Team background
We are Kenyans who have participated in 2006-2007 Africa-Canada Eco-Leadership program that is managed by Canada World Youth. We voluntarily worked for three months at Canadian Ecology Centre, which deals with outdoor education in schools. We also volunteered for another three months with Vijana Education Centre in Tanzania-Africa which deals with youths and student programs. During these periods we gained a lot of skills, knowledge and experience on how to start and manage a school outdoor centre. Back here in Kenya we work voluntarily with Kijabe Environment Volunteers (KENVO).
KENVO is a Community based organization in Lari Division, Kiambu District in Central Kenya. It’s 50 kilometers from Nairobi (capital city) and was formed in 1994 and was registered with The Kenyan Government in 1996. KENVO strives to conserve the natural habitat and their biological diversity by working with local community and partners through provisions of conservation information and education. This is with the vision of ensuring that Kikuyu escarpment forest and other natural resources will be conserved for their biodiversity importance and support to the livelihood of the local community.
In KENVO we have initiated a small outreach program with just a few schools with a few activities e.g. tree nurseries/planting, Bird watching, forest hikes and clean ups in the local town. The schools fully like and support this program and now they are requesting for more activities, which are also environmentally focused. Other schools in the Division are also pushing us hard to incorporate them as well. We are sure we can meet their request and we are capable of providing the services they require because we have the skills and experience but we are limited by the funds.
Project Team members
Stephen Kamau Wairimu: Aged 28 years, has a certificate in tour guiding and certificate in Global positioning system, very experienced in Geography and ecology, Bird watching and have participated in a number of forest researches. He has a good knowledge and experience on garbage management and recycle.
Samuel Wakang’u Kiarie: Aged 24 Years. Has a Diploma in Information Technology, Certificate in Ornithology and biodiversity assessment, and certificate in Global positioning system. Has good leadership and management skills, well experienced in school outdoor activities with team building and teaching, and has project implementation and management skills.
James Kamau Manyara: Aged 26 Years. Has Diploma in wildlife and forest conservation, Diploma in community development and certificate in Ornithology and tour guide, Certificate in fresh water lake fish monitoring. She is very experienced in plant identification, bird watching and tree nursery management.
Leah W. Mwangi: Aged 32 years, has a Bachelors of Arts in Anthropology, She is an experienced high school teacher and currently coordinating the school outreach program. She is skilled in capacity building, project management and financial management. She will play an instrumental role in programming of school networks and exchange visits.
Dave Cuddy: From British Columbia, Canada is 24 years old, and has a Diploma in Outdoor Adventure and Small Business. He has a good deal of experience working with children in outdoor education, incorporating leadership, team work, personal development, and environmental education. He will play an important role in fundraising for the project and facilitating international clientele.
School Patrons support committee
This committee is made of the school club patrons both secondary and primary and they work hand in hand with KENVO to coordinate the running of the environmental education in the schools. They meet once per term, which is three times per year to program and develop work plans for the schools in Lari Division. Their main role is to advise KENVO on education policies and how to integrate the environmental education with the school curriculum. They will continue playing the same role in this project as they will be the actual implementers of the project activities in the respective schools.
The project will also involve most of the KENVO members in implementation of this project since they have good and diversified knowledge and skills on environmental and community development issues.
Project Sustainability.
The key to the project sustainability is that the project activities are going to benefit schools and generate incomes. The local schools will be in charge of the project and implement the project and hence ensure ownership of the project. The project is going to empower the schools by assuring their participation in every phase of the project. Already the schools patron committee has been involved in the project identification and design.
The committee will further take a key role in project implementation, project monitoring and evaluation. The project will also encourage patrons and schools members’ participation in both project activities and a project implementation committee to be formed specifically for this project. The project has a component on strengthening the capacities of schools patrons and student members in project management.
This will be possible because we will put in place an affordable fee for all the schools which will be participating in various project activities. This money will be used to facilitate the project activities by buying more training materials and equipments, paying the trainers among other things.
As it is not possible for every Kenyan student to afford such a program, it is our plan to make this possible by attracting international clientele for the areas of eco-tourism and exchange with international schools. This business will generate profits to sustain continued environmental education with large amounts of Kenyan children.
It is our future plan that we shall start an exchange program between the local and international schools. This will involve student’s overseas flying to Kenya and vice verse where they will be volunteering at the environmental centre, participating in organized debates/forums, team building activities, trainings on environmental issues, among other activities. This will help the student to gain more skills, knowledge and experience on matters affecting the environment both locally and globally.
It will also promote culture exchange and international peace among the students worldwide. We will also be expecting the university students from all over the world to come and be assisted to do their thesis, researches and surveys under minimal charges, this is because we have the skills and experience on these particular activities.
Implementation Plan
| |
Months’ of the year |
| Activities |
1st |
2nd |
3rd |
4th |
5th |
6th |
7th |
8th |
9th |
10th |
11th |
12th |
| Tree nurseries establishment |
* |
* |
* |
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Training school patrons
|
* |
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* |
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* |
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Training Local schools
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|
* |
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* |
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|
|
* |
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| Bird Watching |
* |
|
* |
|
* |
|
* |
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* |
|
* |
|
Field studies, forest walks and hikes
|
|
* |
|
* |
|
* |
|
* |
|
* |
|
* |
| Nature fair |
|
|
* |
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* |
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* |
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| Educative exchange visits |
|
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|
* |
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* |
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* |
| Networking between local and International schools. |
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* |
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Budget.
| Activities |
Units
|
Amount
|
(KShs)
|
Ca $
|
| Tree nurseries establishment. |
§ 20kgs of assorted tree seeds @2000.§ 200pcks of Potting bags @ 50.§ 200kgs of Organic fertilizers. @ 40.§ 20 Watering cans @ 400§ 20 Horse pipes @ 2000.§ 20 Hoes and spades @ 200 |
40,00010,000 8,000 8,00040,0004,000 |
727181 146 14672773 |
Training School patrons and students on;
- Tree nurseries establishment.
- Garbage management and recycling.
- Energy conservation.
- Pollution control.
- Leadership and team building.
- Fundamentals of Ornithology.
|
· Note books and pens for 1000 persons @ Kshs 100 · 4 Trainers @ Kshs 5000 · Lunch and transport for 1000 students @ Kshs 200 |
100,000 20,000 200,000 |
1818 364 3636 |
| Bird Watching; |
20 Bird feeding tables and feeders @ 50010 Binoculars @ 8,00010 Birds’ Guide books @ 2000 |
10,000 80,00020,000 |
181 1455364 |
| Field studies, forest walks and hikes. |
10 trips @ 5000.4 Guides @ Kshs 1000 |
50,00040,000 |
909727 |
| Nature fair;Displays, Dances, dramas and skits, Art work |
Holding 3 nature fairs @ 30,000 |
90,000 |
1636 |
| Educative exchange visits |
Lunch and transport for 1000 students@ Kshs 200 |
200,000 |
3636 |
| Administration cost |
Stationeries and communication |
20,000 |
364 |
| Networking between local and International schools: |
2 Computers @ Kshs 50,000 Internet Connection for 2 computers @ 30,000. |
100,00060,000 |
18181091 |
| Project coordination |
|
240,000 |
4364 |
| Contingencies |
|
70532 |
1282 |
| Total |
|
1,410,532 |